The Pro Shop by Justin diFeliciantonio - Weighing In on Rafa's Heavier Racquet
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Weighing In on Rafa's Heavier Racquet 01/03/2012 - 5:55 PM

Rn2According to sources, Rafael Nadal has decided to add weight to his racquet, the Babolat AeroPro Drive GT. In its stock iteration, the AeroPro Drive is 11.3 ounces (strung) and balanced 4 points head-light. Reportedly, Nadal is modifying his equipment with hopes of adding more speed to his serve.

"I had to make the change even if I am not better in the beginning," Nadal told reporters. "We had to make the decision so that it will be better in the future. Probably that hurts my game a little bit to begin with. Is that a risk at the beginning of the season—yes. But it was still the right moment, to change. If not now, then when?"

It is not yet clear how much extra heft has been added to the frame. (Remember: How mass is distributed through a racquet, whether toward the tip or butt, directly affects its balance point.) Still, the question naturally arises: What are the consequences of a heavier racquet for Nadal's game?

First, let's briefly speak to how a racquet's mass affects its playability. All other things being equal, heavier racquets are more powerful. As physicists Rod Cross and Crawford Lindsey, in Technical Tennis, write, "If a heavy and a light racquet are each swung at the same speed, the ball will come off the heavy racquet faster because the heavy racquet has more momentum and more energy that it can transfer to the ball, and it will lose less energy."

The caveat, of course, is that a player may not be able to swing a heavy racquet as fast as a light racquet. Heavy racquets are relatively more difficult to accelerate, not to mention maneuver; and so, for a recreational player in average physical condition, a heavy racquet may not in fact increase speed of shot. (Though they may, as Cross and Lindsey note, provide a bit more control, as "they don't need to be swung as fast to achieve the same ball speed.")

Tour players, on the other hand, are exceptionally fit and technically accomplished; Nadal, as we all know, is one of the fittest and accomplished of them all. So, with a heavier racquet, will Nadal be able to maintain his racquet-head acceleration through the ball? Will a heavier racquet give Nadal more power—and, by extension, more free points on his serve?

I would answer a tentative yes, though to what extent is far from clear. (I'll try to find out more about Nadal's racquet tinkering, and will report back if and when I do.) In the meanwhile, we'll just have to watch and see.

*****

UPDATE

—In a press conference at the Qatar Exxonmobile Open this past Monday, Nadal clarified, as a commenter below noted, that the weight was added to the top of the racquet—a strategy for increasing service speed: "...I trying to play with a little bit heavier racquet and on the top of the racquet to get a little bit more power...I try to play with a little bit heavier than what this racquet is today, but we take the position that we have to change the racquet or we try to have to change the racquet. Not the racquet, only the weight, no?"

—Many of the comments below have expressed concern that the increase in racquet mass will negatively affect Nadal's sore shoulder. But it may in fact be that players using heavier racquets are less likely to suffer arm injuries. Consider the following passage from Cross and Lindsey in Technical Tennis

"In theory, a heavier racquet should help to reduce arm injuries. There is anecdotal evidence from veteran coaches that arm and shoulder injuries increased when heavy, wood racquets were replaced with modern, light racquets at the end of the 1970s. When you strike a ball coming towards you, the ball tends to push the racquet head backward as your arm swings forward. Alternatively, the head slows down while your hand is still accelerating. Light racquets get pushed backward more than heavy racquets. A sudden twist of the arm or the wrist, repeated many times, can result in tennis elbow and other injuries. The problem is magnified by the fact that light racquets need to be swung faster to pack the same punch as heavy racquets, so the impact shock is likely to be greater, especially if you miss-hit the ball near the tip of the racquet or near one edge."

 


 
30
Comments

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Posted by TDLIN 01/03/2012 at 06:09 PM

FIRST

Posted by henry 01/03/2012 at 07:02 PM

nadal isnt gunna get a grand slam anyway... hes wasting his time

Posted by Martyn Collins 01/03/2012 at 07:06 PM

But will his shoulder hurt more due to increase in weight? Also, it depends on if Nadal will be hitting more across the ball vs up and around the ball. More power if he hits across, uncertain when he hit up and or around. Will he keep the lower string tension he recently began? Questions abound.

Posted by d 01/03/2012 at 07:09 PM

the "eureka" aspect of this decision as expressed by nadal seems a tad disingenuous. the whole heavier racquet episode seems to beg the question: why was nadal using a light racquet in the first place? after all, it must have been a conscious choice, and one that led to a lot of success. what has changed?

I don't know this for sure, but a while back I heard from a seemingly credible source (a pro racquet stringer in nyc) that nadal is relatively unfussy and buys stock babolat racquets to which he then adds weight to bring them up to "350". if true and that was in grams, that would mean his racquets were already 12.3 + ounces - not so light.

Posted by David Simons 01/03/2012 at 07:53 PM

I tried adding weight to some of my racquets, experimenting with heavier frames for more power. Hitting the ball, definitely more power due to inertia; the problem I found is racquet preparation. Not easy to ERP with a heavier racquet, especially on those quick returning awkward balls.

Posted by sjmanning 01/03/2012 at 09:34 PM

Ouuuuch.

Appears really incongruent. On one hand, he is taking a month off to rest his sore shoulder. On the other, he is adding weight to the stick. If he is looking for a bigger serve, the added weight will be on the head. Yes. He will ge a bigger pop off the ball if he swings that weight harder. It is not accurate to state that a lesser swing is needed to achieve more pop. The same racket head speed will require more effort.

He may be headed to a bigger serve. And many months of recovery.

Posted by James 01/04/2012 at 02:10 AM

He'll add more speed to his shots, but won't be able to hit the ball with as much topspin as he usually does. And that's the way he beats Fed- the topspin high to the backhand. This is all in a response to losing to Joker 6 times last year. It's not gonna help.

Posted by Tuulia 01/04/2012 at 07:55 AM

"he is taking a month off to rest his sore shoulder"

No. It has been incorrectly reported, but no matter how many times it gets repeated it won't make it true. He doesn't have tournaments scheduled for February, but he hasn't had tournaments scheduled for February for a couple of years already and there was no reason to expect him to add tournaments this year - it would have been very surprising if he had. The only difference this year compared to last year around the same time is that he won't play the first round tie of Davis Cup (at home on clay against Kazakhstan so I assume Spain should manage without him).

Posted by d 01/04/2012 at 09:05 AM

as I recall from high school physics, F = MA - force equals mass times acceleration. so with a higher mass racquet, the player could get the same force with less acceleration, or more force with the same acceleartion, etc ..

however another distant recollection from the same class is that energy cannot be created or destroyed. so if in fact there is more force from the new racquet than the old (both inert objects), the added energy must be coming from the player. which means no free lunch - to hit harder shots you have to work more.

Posted by mateo 01/04/2012 at 10:00 AM

Hey guys, first a great tennis year to you all. Nobody brings the "stability factor" as he might have felt a little bit pushed out by the flat shots of his opponents. My guess is that its more a stability seeking decision than a power one. And at 335 grams Nadal's racquet weren't that heavy to start with.

Posted by QueenRafa 01/04/2012 at 11:01 AM

Rafa shouldn't be giving his trade secrets away.

Posted by khan 01/04/2012 at 02:22 PM

nadal please win australian open!

Posted by Alexis 01/04/2012 at 03:47 PM

It should be noted that the racket R. Nadal has been using thus far has been an Aero Pro Drive especially customized for him, as is the case with most players' rackets. So any additional weight will be added to this already cusomized frame that bears little relation to the standard racket, as it is already over 340gms I seem to recall, without this further additional customization now announced. I posted a question on his The Times blog to this effect this year and that was the succinct answer to my question (see: http://www.nadalnews.com/2011/06/21/wimbly-times-qa-1/).

Posted by noleisthebest 01/04/2012 at 04:55 PM

Hi Justin,

(I bet you hate spelling your surname...)
I have a question that's been bugging me for a long time and nobody seems to know the answer.
It's not exactly gear/technical, but you may be able to throw some light on it:
During USO 2010, Nadal's serve was apparently significantly faster, "experts" incl. Nadal said it was a simple change of the grip.
Whatever it was, it was hugely successful.
Why did he drop it after that USO?
In his desire to beat Novak in 2012 he went for the quickest and most obvious route: improving serve, but why not go back to the USO2010 scenario, why a heavier racquet and shoulder injury?

Posted by tommygold 01/05/2012 at 02:49 AM

His racket last few years has been 334 grams including strings. By that it is one of the lightest rackets on the atp tour. Average is 356 grams.

And btw Nadals racket is a stock racket, just with added leadtape. Most of the other top 50 players have customized racket that is wuite different from the racket you can buy in shops, different balance, length, stiffness of frame, stringpattern, material mix even.

Posted by Roger D. Miller 01/06/2012 at 10:23 AM

As an older player (64) I resist the current wisdom that racket technology has improved. It may have improved for, or even created the extreme top spin - high racket head speed game that is taught today. But for the more traditional style of player, there are few rackets made for us any more. I played with the Wilson Pro-Staff 6.0 95 for years. When it was discontinued I searched for a racket with the similar stats and playing characteristics and settled on the Tecnifibre TFight 335. Now that it has been discontinued I am searching again. What did these rackets offer me? Comfort, control, and lack of injury. I tried lighter-100 inch frames as I got older, but I'll gladly sacrifice power for the comfort and control of a more traditional frame.

Posted by Howard Beale 01/06/2012 at 09:38 PM

Justin,

Here is a story about Nadal's racquet weight...What does it mean? Does it make sense?

"Babolat, who regularly support professional players and respond to their precise needs, told us that rather than focussing on the overall weight of the racket, they have fine-tuned Nadal’s racket swing weight by seven points to make it more head heavy and provide extra punch through the air."

http://www.tennishead.net/tennis-gear/whatshot/1190552/nadal_opts_for_added_oomph_with_racket.html

Posted by rodney 01/07/2012 at 12:42 PM

Nadal already or used to hit topspin winners at like 110 mph or higher. I don't think his groundstrokes will increase in speed. His ability to flick winners on passing shots might suffer.

Posted by Jack 01/08/2012 at 04:40 PM

Although a heavier racket will reduce "tennis elbow" injuries, there is no way it will be easier on his shoulder (try swinging a MUCH heavier racket repeatedly, to see the effect).

I suspect that Nadal is coming up with a new excuse for what we will see is a new faster serve at the Australian Open 2012. It won't be a heavier racket that gives him his new speed, it will be something Dr. Cotorro has for him (just ask Raonic, who uses the same Dr.).

Posted by Tuulia 01/08/2012 at 06:33 PM

"Why did he drop it after that USO?"

It's not just the serve that was working really well, his whole game was. When the serve is faster, the ball also comes back faster, and that doesn't suit his game generally, unless it's really, really on. Also, he got shoulder problems for the first time (that I've heard) after that, so there maybe was a connection to that serve.


"In his desire to beat Novak in 2012 he went for the quickest and most obvious route: improving serve, but why not go back to the USO2010 scenario, why a heavier racquet and shoulder injury?"

First of all, it's not all about Novak, and Rafa is constantly trying to improve his game and it wasn't at its best last year, so something had to be done anyway. (They already wanted to change the racquet weight after Wimbledon since there was a longish break there, but since Rafa was injured and couldn't practise anyway, they had to postpone it. Now they are pretty much in the same situation, since he couldn't practise much during the off season either, but oh well... can't just keep putting it off.) Second, I don't know if it's the most obvious, but it certainly isn't the quickest route for him to improve his serve, he's been working on it all his career. Third, the slightly heavier racquet head isn't just for the serve, but to get more winners more easily. And fourth, the heavier racquet isn't the cause of the shoulder injury, he got that before the change.

(And those who think it's "much heavier" - it isn't.)

Posted by Howard Beale 01/08/2012 at 06:52 PM

Hi Justin,
The latest is that Nadal added 3 grams to the racquet head. That sounds pretty minimal to me. Your thoughts?

Posted by JoeTennis 01/08/2012 at 11:07 PM

This is much ado about nothing. Players tweak their rackets weight from time to time to get different performance characteristics. And, in general - heavier is better for power, control and health. I would guess the total weight difference is just a few grams. I believe Murray and Federer have changed weight a few grams in their careers without it making a big news story. The biggest mistake rec players make is playing with a racket that is too light. Also, I think the racket manufacturers are missing the boat as there seems to be trend that new models have lower swing weight.

Posted by OddJack 01/09/2012 at 12:57 AM

He said THREE Grams!!!! Three!!! GRAMS to the TOP
It does not make the racket heavy!!! Or make injuries...COMON GUYS

Posted by Boris_ 01/09/2012 at 05:51 AM

Of course, I fully agree that a heavier racket is more powerful than a lighter one. ( E=MC² as we all know !)

However, I doubt that adding 20 g is that significant.

My understanding of the question is that powerful rackets are the one which frames are the biggest. The restitution of energy by the strings is then magnified.

This is the reason why every coach ( even on this site ) recommends the stubborn Roger Federer to change for a bigger frame.

Posted by sparcboy 01/09/2012 at 08:01 AM

d, your comments regarding F=MA are right on, but an additional point is angular momentum. If you watch slow-motion serves of virtually all professionals, you'll see the racket is at about 90 degrees to the forearm until the arm is almost straight. This method, which utilizes angular momentum when the racket (and hand) rotates at the wrist, allows for the most racket head speed with the least amount of physical effort. It's the same basic principle as used in a golf club or baseball bat swing.

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